According to investigators, on the day of the referendum vote on October 6, 2024, he and other activists allegedly planned to organize riots involving force, arson, property destruction, and armed resistance. The defense argued there was no evidence of preparations for such unrest, noting that while the defendants opposed the construction of a nuclear power plant, they neither intended nor called for riots. The prosecutor demanded that Mubarakhov and the other defendants be convicted under Article 272(1) and Article 24(3) of the Criminal Code and sentenced to five years’ imprisonment. On August 26 2025, the court in Almalinsky District in Almaty sentenced Zhauylbaev to four years of restricted freedom. Additionally, under article 50 part 3, he is now banned from participating in public activities or creating a political party for the next five years.